What is Art Therapy?
It is a type of intervention that uses symbolic expression and neuronal activation (given when carrying out certain artistic activities), to address psychological issues and promote mental health and emotional well-being.
How Does Art Therapy Work?
The power of therapy through art lies in the fact that it allows the individual to capture mental images or desired changes through tangible objects which are physically altered. In this way, art therapy allows a structured re-experience of trauma or painful memories and can be useful by generating narratives that can be worked on through cognitive restructuring techniques. Additionally, artistic activity involves many regions of the brain and facilitates interaction between them.
Among the most notable interactions, the activations in cortical areas that are the basis of executive, planning and decision-making tasks stand out; of the limbic system, which mediate the regulation of affect and emotion; as well as in subcortical and cerebellar areas that control sensory and kinetic systems. The integration of different areas of the brain facilitates neuroplasticity, which is the brain's ability to reconnect or renew neural networks, allowing it to establish new and more productive patterns.
In this sense, scientific evidence indicates that making art, in addition to being a pleasurable experience, can help renew networks in different brain regions such as the striatum, nucleus accumbens or cortical areas. In addition, regular creative activities reduce depression, anxiety and improve mood in a very similar way to how drugs do.
recetados para tratar esas enfermedades.
On the other hand, artistic expression can serve as a bridge between the implicit memory of the event (sensory) and the explicit memory (declarative memory) by facilitate the creation of a new narrative through which the person can explore certain memories and delve into their meaning.
Artistic Techniques Used
Drawing-Painting-Photography-Psycho-dramatic techniques-Watercolor (stained glass)- Music – Guided writing- Audio visual art (cinema)-Body work (yoga/dance)- Sculpture (clay/porcelain)-Manual techniques (candles, resin, print).
TO WHOM IS IT MOST PROFITABLE? ART THERAPY?
Artistic expression is an innate human tendency, as is linguistic production or the construction of tools, which is why artistic mediation techniques are effective in any population group; However, clinical evidence indicates that art therapy is even more beneficial in:
1.Girls/boys, since they lack the verbal ability to articulate crises. Artistic and spontaneous expression is a natural language for them and a valuable modality to express trauma, stress or loss; In addition, it helps organize narratives and increases memory recovery.
2.Teenagers, as they engage in an experience that provides them with a safe space to non-verbally communicate strong emotions, while they reflect and strengthen their sense of identity; In addition, art therapy has proven to be very effective in adolescence, as it helps contain the overflowing energy (typical of this life cycle) and transform it into order, thus creating a feeling of control.
3.Individuos resistant to conventional psychological treatments or who refuse to talk about themselves or their problems, since artistic expression allows them to process internal conflicts, overwhelming emotions and/or difficult situations in a symbolic and non-verbal way.
How Was Art Therapy Born?
Art therapy emerged from psychoanalysis in the first half of the 20th century. Psychiatrists of the time, in an effort to re-humanize the treatment of people with mental illnesses, urged their patients to get involved in artistic activities. From this, they discovered that artistic production, rather than being a random or meaningless production, hid a deep meaning. In this way, the patient's artistic product began to be seen as a form of symbolic communication of unconscious material, which reached the conscious planes in a relatively direct and uncensored way.
Carl Jung theorized about the therapeutic importance of symbols and revealed them as the basis of everyday mental imagery (dreams, daytime fantasies). Being unifiers of opposites, they function as devices of the psyche to reconcile internal conflicts and achieve individuation. He believed that making art was a useful method to be aware of those archetypes or models that have been internalized and in this way, heal. Thus, mental images, in addition to being reflections of thoughts or feelings, are cognitive representations that can be modified.
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